Double Your Longevity @ 20 Cents Per Pill
Human trial of anti-ageing drug to prolong life until 120 years
Metformin, a drug prescribed to diabetics, could possibly be the key for longer human life. The US Food and Drug Administration just gave last week its approval for a human trial to begin in 2016.
Belgian researchers from Cardiff University have proof that metformin extends the life of animals so now scientists want to replicate the trials using humans. They tested metformin on C. elegans, tiny roundworms, reports The Telegraph.
They observed that the worms aged slower, became healthier and did not develop wrinkles. When the same drug, the most prescribed diabetes medication, was tested on mice, the lifespan of the rodent extended by almost 40 percent and developed stronger bones. And diabetics who took metformin regularly lived longer than non-diabetics by about an average of eight years.
To make the Targeting Aging with Metformin (TAME) trial possible, scientists are recruiting 3,000 seniors who are between 70 and 80 years old and have cancer, cardio ailments and dementia, or are at risk of acquiring those incurable ailments. Dr Jay Olshanky, from the University of Illinois Chicago, spearheaded the new study, discussed on “Breakthrough,” a National Geographic documentary.
He says that by slowing ageing in humans, even by just a little, people could live longer and feel young. Its implication is that people would not die of old age when they reach their 70s, 80s or 90s but possibly live until they reach 110 or 120, without the ailments that accompany those difficult years.
Olshanky says it “would be the most important medical intervention in the modern era” to slow ageing which scientists say in not an inevitable part of life since cells have a DNA blueprint that could keep a body functioning forever, like some marine creatures.
For that to happen, billions of cell divisions in the body must happen to keep the body functioning correctly. However, the more times that cells have to divide, the more chances of errors are also there, preventing the repair of the damage.
In cancer patients, their cells lack the ability to get rid of mutations which lead to growth of tumours. In Alzheimer’s, the patient’s brain could no longer clear sticky plaques, leading to the development of dementia. The number of oxygen molecules are increased by metformin which is released into a cell and boosts robustness and longevity.
According to WebMD, metformin is prescribed to type 2 diabetics to help control blood sugar and prevent damage to kidney, blindness, nerve problems and loss of limbs and sexual functions. It also lessens risk of heart attack or stroke.
From International
Business Times @ http://www.ibtimes.com.au/us-fda-gives-ok-human-trial-metformin-anti-ageing-drug-prolong-life-until-120-years-1488127
Metformin: A prescription for
longevity?
by:
- Heart disease – 4.5 years of additional life
- Cancer – 3.5 years
- ALL major diseases – 10-15 years
Treating Aging
Few human trials have been conducted on aging treatments even though there are many animal studies that show promising treatments. Many of the mechanisms of aging are known and we must address the bulk of these in order to achieve real results. While we understand many of the processes to address, we are still several years away from identifying treatments.
Despite this there are some treatments available today with data in human trials that suggest beneficial results. Calories restriction is a major target as it has been shown to have a huge impact on increasing longevity; it is not however, an easy or pleasant process to subject oneself to. The good news is that scientists are focusing on cellular mechanisms that create results of calorie restriction without requiring the body to forego food. The main target of this research is activating an enzyme called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). They have identified a few treatments that turn on AMPK; calorie restriction, rapamycin, metformin, and even some supplements like resveratrol.
Anti-aging in a Prescription
A study published in 2014 in Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, although not a clinical trial was pretty impressive. The study looked at 78,000 diabetics with 90,000 matched controls. The diabetic subjects that took metformin had a 15% increased survival, compared to the matched controls that did not have diabetes! A 2014 study from Singapore found that diabetics who took metformin had a 51% reduction in cognitive impairment. Other studies have shown that metformin reduces cancer mortalities as much as 57% and a 62% reduction in the incidence of pancreatic cancer in metformin vs. placebo.
Metformin has many anti-aging functions, some of these include:
- Lower insulin and fasting blood glucose
- Improved lipid metabolism
- Increased autophagy – the removal of debris and broken cellular components inside cells. Autophagy is a major target of anti-aging
- Beneficial alterations in gut microbiome
- AMPK activation – as mentioned earlier, AMPK activation is a major target for anti-aging researchers, it results in;
- Increased glucose uptake – GLUT-4 and GLUT-1 activation
- Increased insulin sensitivity
- Decreased gluconeogenesis – liver production of glucose
- Increased fat oxidation by cells
- Decreased cholesterol and triglycerides – this is accomplished via decreased intestinal uptake as well as decreased endogenous synthesis of fatty acids
- Increased mitochondrial health
- Increased nitric oxide through activation of eNOS and nNOS, this results in increased blood flow
- Increased autophagy
- Decreased mTOR – decreased inflammation and the ability to suppress growth signaling in cancer cells.
The first three items mentioned have a combined ability to maintain lower blood sugars throughout the day resulting in a decreased overall glycation rate in the body – a second major anti-aging target. Glycation is the process by which sugar molecules stick to proteins and cause a host of problems in the body. Glycation ability can be measured through a blood test for HbA1C and fructosamine.
- Shifting of gut microbiome. Researchers found that metformin favored the bacteroides species over the firmicutes. This is important because the dominance of firmicutes/bacteroides has been implicated in obesity, insulin resistance, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as well as other disease states.
- Increased Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) sensitivity. This is a peptide involved in satiety and has reduced sensitivity in obese individuals. It is theorized that the gut bacteria mediate this mechanism and that the improved sensitivity is due to the shift toward the increase in bacteroides.
The benefits outlined above leave us with the question of whether metformin should be a treatment that even healthy individuals should consider. While the drug has been used safely in millions, it still carries some risk just as any other medication or supplement. The biggest risk is a life threatening condition referred to as lactic acidosis but it is rare, occurring in approximately 9 per 100,000 patient years and it is almost always in individuals with kidney, liver, and or respiratory compromise. Individuals should also limit alcohol intake while taking it.
My personal approach is to address this treatment in the following circumstances:
- Inability to lose weight despite good dietary compliance
- Elevated fasting insulin while despite eating a low carbohydrate diet
- Elevated HbA1C or fructosamine
As with any treatment, it should be fully discussed with your medical care professional with knowledge of the treatment.
For more information about longevity see http://nexusilluminati.blogspot.com/search/label/longevity
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