Nuclear waste containers will not work, say scientists

 Nuclear waste containers will not work, say scientists

 

By Wendy Frew

CERAMIC containers developed to "immobilise" highly radioactive waste may not prove durable enough to prevent the toxic material leaching into the environment, research published in Nature has found.


Certain kinds of nuclear waste stay highly toxic for tens of thousands of years, and scientists have sought ways of stabilising or capturing the radioactive elements long enough to allow the waste to degrade naturally.


Researchers at Cambridge University directly measured the radiation damage from nuclear waste to the ceramic containers and found they degraded faster than had been expected. The research team, led by Dr Ian Farnan, found radioactive waste could turn zirconium silicate, which the nuclear industry had hoped could safely store radioactive waste, into a less reliable material after 1400 years instead of the desired 250,000 years.


Some governments, including Australia's, have touted nuclear energy as a partial solution to climate change, but environmentalists and some scientists have argued the radioactive waste generated by nuclear power plants creates a new set of environmental problems.


An Australian scientist said the significance of the British research was limited because it looked at only one kind of material. The senior principal research scientist at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Greg Lumpkin, said the organisation had moved beyond zircon by developing a titanium-based material called Synroc.


"We left zircon behind years ago, but it has persisted as a model used by the industry," Dr Lumpkin said.


The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation had yet to commercialise Synroc but was pursuing partnerships with overseas organisations to have the technology adopted, he said.

from the Sydney Morning Herald @  http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/nuclear-waste-containers-will-not-work-say-scientists

/2007/01/16/1168709754669.html

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Antarctic water world uncovered

Antarctic water world uncovered

 By Jonathan Fildes

Satellite images reveal the changes in volume of water Enlarge Image

Giant "blisters" containing water that rapidly expand and contract have been mapped beneath the Antarctic ice sheet.

Fed by a complex network of rivers, the subglacial reservoirs force the overlying ice to rise and fall.

By tracking these changes with Nasa's Ice Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) scientists were able to map the extent of the subglacial plumbing.

The results, published in the journal Science, show that some areas fell by up to 9m (30ft) over just two years.

"We didn't realise that the water under these ice streams was moving in such large quantities, and on such short time scales," said Dr Helen Fricker of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, and one of the authors of the paper.

"We thought these changes took place over years and decades, but we are seeing large changes over months."

The results are important for understanding how the Antarctic Ice sheet, which contains nearly 90% of the world's ice, may respond to global warming and how much it may contribute to sea level rise.

Climate response

Nearly 150 subglacial lakes have been identified beneath the vast Antarctic ice sheet.

The new ones were found under the fast-flowing Whillans and Mercer Ice Streams that carry ice from the interior of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to the floating Ross Ice Shelf.

These streams of ice move many metres every day and are of particular interest to climate scientists.

"It's the fast-moving ice that determines how the ice sheet responds to climate change on a short timescale," said Professor Robert Bindschadler of Nasa's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, and one of the researchers on the study.

As atmospheric temperatures rise, melting the ice shelves, their ability to hold back the ice streams on land would be reduced.

"We aren't yet able to predict what these ice streams are going to do."

However, understanding how much water flows beneath the ice is critical because it is one of the factors that determine how fast they flow. More water could speed up the flow of ice into the sea, raising sea levels.

"It's essentially the grease on the wheel," said Professor Bindschadler.

Ebb and flow

Using elevation data from Nasa's ICESat, cross-checked with other Nasa satellites, the team was able to map the rise and fall of the overlying ice, and hence areas where water pooled or flowed away.

Launched in 2003, ICESat can measure changes in elevation as small as 1.5cm (0.6ins) from its orbit 645km (400 miles) above the Earth.

The study revealed a complex network of ponds and rivers, the largest of which occurred under the Whillans ice stream and covered an area of 500 sq km (190 sq miles).

It also showed that water was constantly moving between different reservoirs.

For example, a feature known as Lake Englehardt took just under three years to empty two cubic kilometres (2 trillion litres) of water.

In the same period, Lake Conway filled with an additional 1.2 cubic kilometres (1.2 trillion litres) of water.

Not all of the water was the same as some escaped to the ocean or was refrozen on to the base of the glacier.

Observations like these were only possible using the new satellite technique.

"Until now, we've had just a few glimpses into what's going on down there," said Professor Bindschadler.

"This is the most complete picture to date what's going on beneath fast flowing ice."

The findings were presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) annual meeting here in San Francisco, US.

From http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6364577.stm

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More Than Enough

More Than Enough

The Horn of Plenty pours forth all that we need, the Earth's bounty freely given to the children of the world. Everything humans need is provided by an ever-changing and always adapting planetary ecosystem, the life-force feeding itself and its constituents - including us.

            There is more than enough - even with six of seven or ten billion human beings, Mother Earth/Gaia/Tya/Nungeena will do her best to provide for them all. Only the greed of a few, who consider themselves as different from the rest of Humanity as would another species, stops the fair flow of Cargo from the cornucopia of the planet.

            This primitive sibling rivalry has defined the development of civilization since we discovered fire and began to burn down our primal forest home.

            Religions, cults, cultures, nations and civilizations divide us all from each other down radically obvious demarcation lines - the root of which is race, the primary, primal exploitable apparent difference within our singular species. All other false societal divisions are based on this base fear of the other brother.

            The fact we're all alike as sisters and brothers has only fuelled the fires of unnecessary competitiveness and conflict, just as sibling rivalry is trained into their young by ignorant parents and cultures that prize competition and believe a meritocracy is superior to egalitarian democracy and a fair division of the common wealth of the planet. A meritocracy is the smiling false face of an all too familiar imperial nepotism.

            Justice and compassion (and their opposites) are born in the family home and the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

A fraction of the money we waste on machines made for killing humans is all that's needed to save the planet. We can't save it without radically changing ourselves and cultures - by giving up war.

If we stop giving our time - our only real wealth - to the fear-mongers and weapon lovers all the people of Earth will easily be well fed, educated, housed and transported and have good health, communications and energy supplies. We need united nations, working together with the aim of having a good time - not ripping each other off in the name of kindergarten gods.

It's simple - all we have to do is like ourselves and each other - beyond mere tolerance or acceptance - and change those fearful parts of ourselves that are products of intolerance, greed, bias and ignorance.

What's our existence worth? What's the planet worth? How much does fairness cost? How much is land worth? NOTHING! It's as priceless as fresh water and intact, diverse ecosystems. It droppeth as the gentle rain.

Our global village is in deep peril. Only partly self-induced, the threats to our future are real and pressing, requiring us to change our stupid, outmoded ways of thinking and seeing and living today, now, while you're reading this. We're all in the same boat and the ship,y friends, is sinking. Greed won't save us. In this Titanic race toward the iceberg of climate catastrophe, not even the over-privileged will have lifeboats to save themselves (though many imagine that they do).

We've come so far, manifested so many of our dreams and thoase of our ancestors, and developed so many vaulting, over-arching ways of furthering our species and consciousness itself. Yet to the very few surviving ancient nomadic people, our monadic systems are the blind and groping outgrowths of insecure, infantile cultures and our great hopes are merely a blip, another high water murk in the relentless rise and fall of another temporary empire whose achievements will become the dust, stone and bones on which their descendants tread in a truly brave new world.

It doesn't have to be this way for sedentary ‘civilized' humans, if we're aware, compassionate, wise and confident in our humility, if we simplify and actively change our lives for the better NOW -HERE - YES, YOU!

It's time for a few radical changes. We have everything we need to do anything we want. Don't wait for next year.

•         by R. Ayana

         

      image - http://www.jessanderson.org/img/statue.jpg  

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Where To From Here?

Where To From Here?

What do we want?

Is it to live happily, healthfully, abundantly and creatively? Is it also to develop relationships with each other and nature that honours and protects all parties? To live in dignity and love requires, I would think, that we cease contributing to the destruction of Mother Earth or the destruction of its ecosystems. 

 

Unfortunately, most, if not all of us are suckling at the breast of the beast that has, will and is attempting to control, measure and consume all 'resources' on this jewel we call home. Its name is progress - but we all know that's not quite accurate considering the wholesale destruction, poisoning and fracturing of integrated structures, natural or otherwise, which its implementation has involved. 

 
We have been sold a lie that goes something like;
"It's a pity we have to kill the Earth and each other for a living, but there's no other way we can have our wonderful technogenous standard of living."

 
It's so good, we are told, that we should force any culture that is simply self-sufficient to develop itself and become like all other civilized nations and change to consuming high-cost, low quality processed half-food, machines, guns and chemicals from the developed world, destroy local food production and replace it with low-wage, life-destroying monoculture. All this so that they can become part of the world community, go into debt and capitulate their country's forest and mineral resources to pay the interest on the money that's been forced upon the usually compromised 'leader' on behalf of 'his' country.

 
Meanwhile, back in the so-called civilised developed world, the very small group sitting on top of the much larger, though still very small percentage of the world's population who owns all the shares traded on the world stock exchanges (these shares represent control of the world's resources and wealth) have decided there are too many unproductive people to control properly and have set in motion various programs to control, reduce and change world populations radically.

 
Internet searches for chemtrails, Bush/eugenics, mycoplasma fermentans incognitus (common cause of all degenerative diseases) or Leonard Horowitz will educate the uninitiated into how all these mysterious diseases have suddenly - in the last 20 years - become so prevalent. A weakened population is more compliant and besides, they represent fantastic medical profits. That's part of the downside.

 
On the upside, we have scientific validation of a movement of the entire solar system and everything in it into a higher energy area, precipitating fast moving evolutionary impulses at all levels. The chaos this is producing is providing the necessary freedom to allow the next evolutionary changes to precipitate.

 
Our job is to seed the most life-affirming, kindness-promoting solutions for joyous personal and planetary survival. All necessary practical solutions exist. We have but to embrace and implement them and share the results with each other, thus participating in the crystalisation of the world we most truly desire for ourselves, each other and our children. 

 

by R. Ayana

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We're All Individuals

 We're All Individuals

We all love freedom - freedom to live as we wish, as long as it harms no-one.

Now, at the dawn of the Third Millennium, we need to reorganise ourselves. We need real governance, not industrialist puppet governments nor politician/lawyers.

We need to mandate clean, green practices by corporations, industrialists and nation states that provide us with our false sense of security (and superfluous, outmoded ‘luxury' goods).

We can have it all and the planet, too - if those who love money can be stopped from acquiring it at other peoples' expense and at the cost of the planet and our very lives. We need to party without trashing the place.

Now's the time to retool industries and reframe our expectations of people we vote for and those we don't. They must work more intelligently, efficiently, cheaply and cleanly. This isn't hard - but it requires a wise population to make it possible. It's time to consider and implement the solutions a century of science and research have placed at our fingertips and past time to do away with the steam, coal and oil age contrivances that weigh down our economy and ecologies. The real costs of creating and manufacturing things must been borne by their creators, not passed on to future generations.

Real global governance requires real unity within diversity in our already globalised world. For a start, we need a world of really united nations that can control and stop the movement of troops and weapons across national borders. We need to elect leaders who think of tomorrow and serve and protect our rights and freedoms. The party line is always a conspiracy at the peoples' expense; vote independent. We're all individuals, as Brian of Nazareth said.

Most citizens vote by rote, for the groups their parents were suckered into voting for, just as most blindly follow the particular, peculiar religion indoctrinated into them by their family from birth. All votes are conscious conscience votes - politicians and voters who habitually follow the party banner surrender their consciences. Vote for an issue, or, failing that, a person. Otherwise you vote for the corporate entity that's proven itself to be the best at bribing our leaders.

Many don't vote because they say voting doesn't matter and can't change anything. For them, tragically, this is the truth.

How about you?

 

- R. Ayana

See Brian of Nazareth - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qANMjwLmo6Y

image - http://mnlg.com/jfs/archive_P/2002/jfsPics/gifs/lifeof2.jpg

 

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Twisted System: The Global Secret Society

Twisted System

 

The planet Earth is run by a secret society. Just about everyone is aware of this, and thinks of them as a secretive group of illuminated magicians - but they're really a bunch of misinformed clowns. Having elbowed and clawed their way to the top of a pile of elbows and claws, they survey the wave of the future racing toward them and proclaim, "Follow me into the depths!" and "I have a mandate!" just before the reality they've ignored for so long sweeps them and their whole palpating heap into the yawning pratfall of history.

            Every generation is the same - there's another one thousand born every minute, brainwashed and squashed by the most over-educated and least capable control freaks that civilization can provide, on behalf of bullying, power-hungry killers. The rulers are gangsters, (in)vested interests that suit themselves in sheep's clothing. 

Their world-destroying cohort of willing worker-followers is well-known and are easy to pick by the nooses they voluntarily tie around their necks in a sign of death and ultimate submission - ready to be yanked and hung out to dry, throats perpetually constricted by the threat of ‘fire', the threat of having their own time on their own hands, of having to live with themselves with no-one to tell them what to do. Their existence is personally tailored for boredom, ignorance and early death. Whatever you do, don't fit in - a misfit can't easily be crammed into their coffin of military-industrial civilization and has a chance at freedom and enlightenment.

Put another way; we've all been told that lowering our emissions of carbon dioxide to 60% of the 1990 level by the year 2050 will save the planet. Lowering the emissions to that level will result in an atmospheric burden of 550 parts per million (ppm) - all invested leaders agree that this is a good idea. But right now, we have 380 ppm in the atmosphere and the clomate is already going to hell - literally. We're creating a world-wide burning desert in an ice age of frozen waste. 

Regardless of whether solar output is a cause of heating the planet, allowing carbon levels to rise to such heights is a certain way of killing billions of humans. Perhaps you think this is a good idea - but remember, scarcity of resources is an illusion created by the same shameful suits who greedily suck most of the world's resources into the bellies of their beastly families. There's more than enough of everything to share, if we don't ruin and pollute it.

Now hundreds of millions will die in the next generation (if we're lucky) and our elected ‘leaders' all agree that killing us more swiftly is a good idea while we swallow their lines and are hooked on and sunk by their poisoned products and septic systems.

It's hard to keep an eye on all the juggled facts, details and figures thrown up by the juggling media to see what they really mean; the truth is treated as a distraction from the entertainment of smoke and mirrors. What's happening, folks, is that we're heading for an ice age via a precursor greenhouse effect and a climate catastrophe. While you've been busily winding the mortal coil of your life through an inherently twisted system, you've known it could all be much better. Well these are new times, a new millennium - time for a change now, today. Time to talk to real friends and other fellow-travelers, time to rid ourselves of the lethargic old suits that constrict our freedom before they lead us into a Sino-US war of mass distraction.  Time for more than talk.

Untie the ties that bind you to a dead-end past. Make love. Plant trees and visit forests. Enjoy the world and your body. Why are you here? There's no point in putting off LIFE until you don't have one - retire now! Turn on, tune in, opt out of this crappy so-called civilization, however young you are, and trust that the universe will care for and guide you if you clear your heart and blood and mind of crap. Even being a happy hippy clown's better than being a hypocrite clone.

Lennon famously said, ‘Don't trust anyone over thirty.' Do you understand why? Do you know what happens when a person comes to believe they're mortal, that they'll die and that first they'll be old and alone? They usually sell out and burrow deep into the hive, cocooning themselves in mouldering lies, not wanting to see the truth - that we;\';re all immortal consciousness and that now, right now, we're ALIVE!

What do you want to do, to be, to become? What are you? These are the only real questions of concern to those pursuing truth and enlightenment. No-one can answer them but you...

 By R. Ayana

images - author's

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Mars Is Warming, NASA Scientists Report

  Mars Is Warming, NASA Scientists Report

Data coincide with increasing solar output Written By: James M. Taylor Published In: Environment News Publication Date: November 1, 2005 Publisher: The Heartland Institute

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The planet Mars is undergoing significant global warming, new data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) show, lending support to many climatologists' claims that the Earth's modest warming during the past century is due primarily to a recent upsurge in solar energy.

Martian Ice Shrinking Dramatically

According to a September 20 NASA news release, "for three Mars summers in a row, deposits of frozen carbon dioxide near Mars' south pole have shrunk from the previous year's size, suggesting a climate change in progress." Because a Martian year is approximately twice as long as an Earth year, the shrinking of the Martian polar ice cap has been ongoing for at least six Earth years.

The shrinking is substantial. According to Michael Malin, principal investigator for the Mars Orbiter Camera, the polar ice cap is shrinking at "a prodigious rate."

"The images, documenting changes from 1999 to 2005, suggest the climate on Mars is presently warmer, and perhaps getting warmer still, than it was several decades or centuries ago," reported Yahoo News on September 20.

Solar Link Possible

Scientists are not sure whether the Martian warming is entirely due to Mars-specific forces or may be the result of other forces, such as increasing solar output, which would explain much of the recent asserted warming of the Earth as well.

Sallie Baliunas, chair of the Science Advisory Board at the George C. Marshall Institute, said, "Pluto, like Mars, is also undergoing warming." However, Baliunas speculated it is "likely not the sun but long-term processes on Mars and Pluto" causing the warming. However, until more information is gathered, Baliunas said, it is difficult to know for sure.

Pat Michaels, past president of the American Association of State Climatologists and senior fellow at the Cato Institute, similarly expressed a desire for more information about the Martian climate. "What is the internal dynamic that is warming Mars?" asked Michaels. "Given the fact that there are not a lot of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions on Mars, and given the fact that new research indicates that 10 to 30 percent estimated conservatively of Earth's recent warming is due to increased solar output, the Martian warming may support that new research.

Models May Be Wrong

The new research mentioned by Michaels is the October 2 release of findings by Duke University scientists that "at least 10 to 30 percent of global warming measured during the past two decades may be due to increased solar output rather than factors such as increased heat-absorbing carbon dioxin gas released by various human activities."

"The problem is that Earth's atmosphere is not in thermodynamic equilibrium with the sun," Duke associate research scientist Nicola Scafetta explained in a Duke University news release. Moreover, "the longer the time period [that the Earth's atmosphere is not in thermodynamic equilibrium] the stronger the effect will be on the atmosphere, because it takes time to adapt."

Examining a 22-year interval of reliable solar data going back to 1980, the Duke scientists were able to filter out shorter-range effects that can influence surface temperatures but are not related to global warming. Such effects include volcanic eruptions and ocean current changes such as El Niño.

Applying their long-term data, the Duke scientists concluded, "the sun may have minimally contributed about 10 to 30 percent of the 1980-2002 global surface warming."

"[Greenhouse] gases would still give a contribution, but not so strong as was thought," Scafetta observed.

Several Forces Affect Temperature

"We don't know what the sun will do in the future," Scafetta added. "For now, if our analysis is correct, I think it is important to correct the climate models so that they include reliable sensitivity to solar activity."

Iain Murray, senior fellow and global warming specialist at the Competitive Enterprise Institute, said the Mars warming adds another level of uncertainty to claims that the Earth's modest recent warming is a result of human activity. "It is probably too much to claim that any one source is the principal driver of the warming trend on Earth," said Murray.

"The number of significant temperature forcings on the climate system grows yearly as we get to know more and more about it, but we really are at a very early stage of our exploration of this very complex system," Murray noted. "If all the estimates are true about the relative effects of forcings like the sun, black carbon, and greenhouse gases, then it is quite possible that we would have been in a sharply cooling phase over recent years were it not for these forcings. In which case, one might say, thank goodness for global warming!"

---

James M. Taylor (taylor@heartland.org) is managing editor of Environment & Climate News.

From http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=17977&CFID=5195862&CFTOKEN=90852445

image - http://maritimes.indymedia.org/uploads/2004/01/mars_hubble-red.jpg 

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